Radiation ka gɛlɛya jɔnjɔnw-Oscillateur kristali gɛlɛnw: In-Sɛgɛsɛgɛri min kɛra ka ɲɛsin iyɔn hakɛ bɛɛ ma ani ko kelen kelen -ko nɔfɛkow ma
O lajɛ: Kristali osilɛriw ka kɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw tilebɔyɔrɔw la
Komi elekitoroniki sisitɛmuw ka "dusukun tantan" lo, kristali osilɛriw be gwɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw sɔrɔ yɔrɔ minw na tile yeelen ka ca -. U ka yɔrɔba ye piezoelektriki kristaliw ye ani sɛrɛkiliw ye minw be yɛlɛmayɛlɛma cogo tigitigi dɔ la, minw be tile yeelen jaabi cogo wɛrɛw fɛ, nka o jaabili fila bɛɛ be laban ka yira saan 1990 la.siɲɛ caman basigi, min ye baarakɛcogo yiracogo jɔnjɔn dɔ ye. Tilebɔ nɔɔw tilanin lo yɔrɔ fila la:iyɔnizasiyɔn hakɛ bɛɛ (TID) nɔɔmin be na ni tiɲɛni ye dɔɔni dɔɔni, ani .kelen-ko nɔɔ (SEE)min be na ni dɛsɛw ye yɔrɔnin kelen.
1nan: Iyɔn dozi bɛɛ nɔɔ – Kristali osilatɛriw ka “kɔrɔya basiginin”
1.1 Tiɲɛni minw be kɛ kristali yɛrɛ la .
Iyɔnizasiyɔn dozi bɛɛ nɔɔ be bɔ fanga lajɛnni na wagatijan -iyɔnizasiyɔn tilebɔ la, min be tiɲɛni sifa fɔlɔ fila lase kuarzi kristaliw ma:
Latisi fiɲɛw labɛnni dɔɔni dɔɔni
Tilebɔ be tiɲɛni kɛ kristali kɔnɔ, ka atomuw bɔ u lɔyɔrɔw la .
Fiɲɛw i n’a fɔ yɔrɔ lakolonw ani atomu minw be ɲɔgɔn cɛ, olu be lajɛn wagati dɔ kɔnɔ .
O fiɲɛw be kristali ka elastisite yɛlɛmani yɛlɛma ani a ka doni yɛlɛmani kɔlɔlɔw .
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:rezonansi frekansi yɛlɛmaniniyɛlɛmani - funteni cogoya kuru
Charge ka lajɛn yɔrɔw n'u cɛman
Iyɔnizasiyɔn tile yeelen be charge jɔnjɔnw bɔ kristaliw sanfɛ ani elɛkitorodiw cɛman
Charge lajɛnni be dancɛ cogoya yɛlɛma kristali sanfɛla la
A be dɔ fara mankan jɛnsɛnni tununi n’a jɛnsɛnni kan
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:dɔ bɔra kalite fakitɛri la (Q hakɛ)nifazi mankan tiɲɛni
1.2 Ɲɛtaga minw be kɛ yɛlɛmaniw ka sɛrɛkiliw kan
Fɛɛn minw be baara kɛ ani minw tɛ baara kɛ, olu be tiɲɛ ni dozi caman ye:
Paramɛtiri yɛlɛmani minɛnw na minw be baara kɛra
MOSFET ka tansɔn dancɛ yɛlɛmani, min be yɛlɛmayɛlɛma yɔrɔ yɛlɛma
Dɔgɔyali min be kɛ taranzisitɛri yɛlɛmani na, o be na ni dɔ bɔli ye nɛgɛjuru sɔrɔyɔrɔ la
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:gɛlɛya daminɛ na, bɔli fanga dɔgɔyali, niyɛlɛmani be lɔ bana juguw la
Eksponensiyɛli dɔ farala ji bɔli sisan kan
Oxyde-charges min minɛna, o be na ni ji bɔli caya ye PN ɲɔgɔndanw ni daaw la
Ɲɛyiraliba min be sɔrɔ sɛrɛkili ka barika minɛli la
Dɔ fara funteni mankan kan ani fazi mankan baarakɛcogo tiɲɛni
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:kuran minɛ ka tɛmɛ dantigɛli kannimankan sanfɛla duguma
Paramɛtiri yɛlɛmaniw jaabi réseaux kɔnɔ
Radiyasiyɔn-paramɛtiri minw be se ka doni yɛlɛma ani rezistansi yɛlɛma
A be osilatɛri ka fazi yɛlɛmani cogoya yɛlɛma
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:cɛmancɛ frekansi yɛlɛmaninituning yɔrɔ dɔgɔyali
Tilanyɔrɔ 2nan: Ko kelen-Ko min kɛra, o nɔɔ – "Dusukunnabana barikaman" min be sɔrɔ Kristali Osilatɛriw fɛ
2.1 A be nɔɔ minw to kristali yɔrɔw kan
Tiɲɛni min kɛra wagati dɔɔni kɔnɔ
Fɛɛn kelen min fanga ka bon - (iyɔn girinman walima porotɔn min fanga ka bon -) be don kristali kɔnɔ .
A be tiɲɛni kɛ yɔrɔ dɔw la fɛnɲɛnamaw ka sira kan
A be na ni yɛlɛmaniw ye yɔrɔ dɔw ka haminankow la wagati dɔɔni kɔnɔ
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:yɔrɔnin kelen ka pan, min be se ka kɛnɛya dɔɔni o kɔ .
Charge bilali nɔɔ
Fɛɛn misɛnninw be chargew bila kristali kɔnɔ, ka kuran kɛnɛ dɔ dilan wagati dɔɔni kɔnɔ
A yɛlɛmana ka kɛ mekaniki degun wagati dɔɔni ye piezoelektriki nɔɔ fɛ
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:fazi panniwagati surun-basigili tiɲɛni jugu
2.2 Ɲɔgɔnkunbɛn yɔrɔnin kelen ni yɛlɛmaniw ye
Kelen -Ko min be kɛ wagati dɔɔni kɔnɔ (SET) analogu sɛrɛkiliw kɔnɔ
Barika - fɛnɲɛnamaw be gosi anpiliyatɛri walima bias sɛrɛkili la osilitɛri kɔnɔyɔrɔ la
Kuran lɔgɔw walima tagamasiɲɛ lɔgɔw ka pɔɔsi wagati dɔɔni bɔ
Pulse bonya be daminɛ pikosekɔndi tan na ka taga se mikrosekɔndi caaman ma .
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:
Glitches yɔrɔnin kelen minw be ɲɔgɔn kunmabɔ bɔli yɔrɔ la
Fazi tagamacogo tigɛli yɔrɔnin kelen
Fazi min be se ka kɛ-datugulan (PLL) dakun tununi walima lɛrɛ sinkronizasiyɔn dɛsɛra
-Koo kelen min kɛra (SEU) kɔlɔsili lozisiyɛli kɔnɔ
Bit flipping be kɛ dizitali marali yɔrɔw la (misali la, frekansi yɛlɛmani sɛbɛnw, cogoya marali kumadenw)
Kɔnfiguration paramɛtiriw yɛlɛmana yɔrɔnin kelen
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:
Bɔli hakɛ be pan ka taga hakɛ jugu la
Operasiyɔn kɛcogo yɛlɛmani min tɛ bɛn
A be se ka kɛ ko a ka ɲi ka yɛlɛmani don a la walisa ka baarakɛcogo lasegin a ma
Kasara kɔlɔlɔ minw be sɔrɔ koo kelen -latchup (SEL)
Paraziti PNPN labɛnw be lawuli, ka siraba dɔ dilan sisan .
Kuran be caya kosɔbɛ (a be se ka tɛmɛ a ka kan ka kɛ siɲɛ 100 kan)
Kɔlɔsili tilenninw:
Circuit ka baarakɛcogo tiɲɛna pewu
Funteni boli be se ka tiɲɛni kɛ fɔɔ abada .
Fanga nɛgɛso boli ye waajibi ye kɛnɛyali kama
Tilanyɔrɔ 3nan: Lakanali fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw kristali osilɛriw kama
3.1 Fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw minw be se ka kɛ ka iyɔnizasiyɔn hakɛ bɛɛ nɔɔ kɛlɛ
Kristali minanw sugandicogo ɲuman
Aw ye kristaliw minɛ minw ka gwɛlɛ ka tile yeelen minɛ: misali la, SC-kuwari tigɛnin be tile yeelen kɛlɛcogo ɲuman yira ka tɛmɛ AT-kuwari tigɛnin kan
Fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw: idɔrɔzɛni yɛlɛmani ani fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛw minw be se ka kristali fiɲɛ fɔlɔw dɔgɔya .
Minan kuraw sɛgɛsɛgɛri: minan wɛrɛw i n’a fɔ litiyɔmu niobate fɔsifati (LNB) be baara ɲuman yira frekansi bandi dɔw la .
Circuit gɛlɛnw dilan cogo
Baara kɛ ni semikonduktɛri minɛnw ye minw dilanna ni radiyasiyɔn-cogo gɛlɛnw ye
Aw ye sɛrɛkiliw labɛn ka se ka tansɔn yɛlɛmani sara o yɛrɛ ma
Muɲuli labɛncogo waleya walasa ka baarakɛcogo ɲuman sabati paramɛtiri yɛlɛmani yɔrɔ kɔnɔ
Aw ye ji bɔli kɔlɔsili ani sarali sɛrɛkiliw fara a kan
Labɛnni ɲuman
Aw ye kristaliw ka minanw labɛn ka ɲɛ walisa ka dɔ bɔ tile yeelen minɛnw na
Elɛkitorodi dilancogo n'a ɲɔgɔnnabɔcogo fisaya walasa ka dɔ bɔ charge marali la ɲɛda ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ
Aw ye fɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw kɛ ka yɔrɔ sanfɛla kɔlɔlɔw dɔgɔya
3.2 Fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw ka ɲɛsin koo kelen -ko nɔɔ ma
Architecture-Nivo ka yɔrɔ latanga
Filtɛrɛ ni histerezi sɛrɛkiliw sigi sen kan analogu sira gwɛlɛw kan
Aw ka modɛli saba (TMR) ta ani ka lafiya di tuma o tuma ka ɲɛsin ɛntɛrinɛti yɔrɔw ma
Aw ye lɔnniya teliman ani kɛnɛyali fɛɛrɛw labɛn
Baara kɛ ni filiw lɔnni ani latilenni (EDAC) kode ye walisa ka kɔnfiguration kunnafoniw latanga .
Labɛncogo ɲuman
Aw ye kɔlɔsili nɛgɛw fara yɔrɔ nɔgɔmanw lamini na
Aw ye -santiriyidi labɛncogo ta walasa ka yɛlɛmayɛlɛma kɔlɔlɔw dɔgɔya
Kuran tilanyɔrɔw labɛn ka ɲɛ walasa ka latchup ka se ka dɔgɔya
Aw ye baara kɛ ni minanw hakɛ belebelebaw ye transistor kɔrɔtaninw kama walisa ka dɔ fara charge kɔrɔtaninw kan .
Sisitɛmu-nivo dɔgɔyali fɛɛrɛw
Aw ye multi-oscillator lɔcogo dɔ labɛn min be yɛlɛmani gwansan dɛmɛ
Ka -waati tigitigi kɔlɔsili ani anomali lɔnniya waleya
Jatebɔsɛbɛnw labɛn minw be se ka yɛlɛma yɛlɛma walasa ka wagati dɔɔni kɔlɔlɔw lɔn ani k’u sara
Ka -orbit ladonni fɛɛrɛw labɛn, ka paramɛtiriw labɛn kokura ani ka jurumuw labɛn
3.3 Wajibi kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw kɔrɔbɔli ni sɛgɛsɛgɛli kama .
Tilebɔ sɛgɛsɛgɛri fɛɛrɛw kristali osilɛriw kama
Kunjan-kɔlɔsili min be kɛ tuma o tuma: tiɲɛni cogoyaw sɛgɛsɛgɛ iyɔnizasiyɔn dozi bɛɛ nɔɔ fɛ
Fazi mankan sumani waati lakika -: wagati dɔɔni kɔlɔlɔw cogoyaw lɔn
-sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɔnɔ: koo kelen-kelen kɔlɔlɔw ladegi
Ɲɛnamaya kɔrɔbɔli teliman: wagatijan-lafiya fɔ
Paramɛtiri jɔnjɔnw sinsinnin be kɔrɔbɔli kan
Jɛɲɔgɔnya kuru min be frekansi yɛlɛmani ni iyɔnizasiyɔn hakɛ bɛɛ cɛ
Fazi mankan sifaw yɛlɛmani
Daminɛ wagati tiɲɛni ani basigi wagati
Se ka bɔli tilenninya sabati
Kuncɛli: Sisitɛmu Ɛnzeniyɛri min be balansi ni yɛlɛmaniw kɛ .
Kristali osilatɛriw ka tilebɔ gɛlɛya ye sisitɛmu ɛnzeniyɛri ye min be jago- wajibiya nivo caaman na:
Balansi min be minanw ni baarakɛcogo cɛ
Jago- min be kristali minanw ka tile yeelen kɛlɛli ni frekansi basigili cɛ
Balance min be semi-conducteur ka baarakɛcogo gɛlɛya hakɛ ni fanga minɛcogo ni teliya cɛ
Jago-bɔli sɛrɛkili dilan cogo la
Balance min be lannaya yiriwali ni redundancy latangali ni dɔ farali gɛlɛya ni kuran minni cɛ
Jago-latanga fɛɛrɛw fanga ni musakaw ni bonya dancɛw cɛ
Sisitɛmu lɔcogo ɲuman
Lakanali min be kɛ nivo caaman ye, o labɛn ɲɔgɔn fɛ
Minɛn-lozisiyɛli min be don ɲɔgɔn na ni filiw ye-muɲuli fɛɛrɛw
Ɛntɛrinɛti kan kɔlɔsili ni yɛlɛmani donni ɲɔgɔn na
A laban, radiation-hardened crystal oscillator dilan cogo min be se ka ɲɛ, o be basigi baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnin faamuyali kan, ani baarakɛcogo, lannaya ani sɔngɔ jateminɛni dafalen kan. Ni minan kuraw, baarakɛcogo yiriwalenw, ani sarali jatebɔ hakilimanw yiriwali ye, kristali osilɛriw ka baara bena yiriwa tugun yɔrɔ minw na tile yeelen ka ca kojugu, o bena wagati sɛgɛsɛgɛli jusigilan barikaman di yɔrɔw ma minw ka lannaya ka bon i n’a fɔ sanfɛla sɛgɛsɛgɛli ani nukeleyɛri fanga baarakɛcogo.
O sɛgɛsɛgɛli laɲinin ani latangacogo fɛɛrɛw b’a to sisitɛmu ka "dusukun tantan" be to a nɔɔ na ani a be se ka la a la hali tilebɔyɔrɔw la minw ka gwɛlɛ kosɔbɛ.